The protein acid protease active in intracellular protein breakdown and involved in the pathogenesis of several diseases such as breast cancer and possibly Alzheimer disease. It is specificity similar to; but narrower than; that of pepsin A and it does not cleave the 4-Gln-|-His-5 bond in B chain of insulin. It consists of a light chain and a heavy chain and expressed in the aorta extrcellular space. The Val-58 allele is significantly overrepresented in demented patients (11.8%) compared with non-demented controls (4.9%). Carriers of the Val-58 allele have a 3.1-fold increased risk for developing AD than non-carriers.It belongs to the peptidase A1 family