Thyroid peroxidase (TPO) is located on the apical free surface of thyroid epithelial cells. TPO oxidize iodine ions to form iodine atoms, which are added to the tyrosine residues of thyroglobulin to produce thyroxine. It is a key enzyme in thyroid hormone synthesis. TPO is widely expressed in normal thyroid and benign thyroid lesions, and its expression is reduced in thyroid cancer. It can be used to distinguish benign and malignant thyroid tumors, but its specificity and sensitivity are not high.
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