Mucin-16 is a heavily O-glycosylated protein that can be liberated into the extracellular space following the phosphorylation of the intracellular C-terminus, which induces proteolytic cleavage and liberation of extracellular domain. I provides protective, lubricating barrier against particles and infectious agents at mucosal surfaces. Mucin-16 is composed of three domains: a Serine, Threonine-rich N-terminal domain, a repeated domain containing between 12 and 60 partially conserved tandem repeats of 156 amino acids and a C-terminal transmembrane domain with a short cytoplasmic tail.
Myeloperoxidase (MPO) is a hemecontaining enzyme belonging to the XPO subfamily of peroxidases. It is an abundant neutrophil and monocyte glycoprotein that catalyzes the hydrogen peroxidedependent conversion of chloride, bromide, and iodide to multiple reactive species. MPO activity results in protein nitrosylation and the formation of 3-chlorotyrosine and dityrosine crosslinks. Modification of ApoB100, as well as the lipid and cholesterol components of LDL and HDL, promotes the development of atherosclerosis. MPO is also associated with a variety of other diseases, and inhibits vasodilation in inflammation by depleting the levels of NO. Serum albumin functions as a carrier protein during MPO movement to the basolateral side of epithelial cells. MPO is stored in neutrophil azurophilic granules. Upon cellular activation, it is deposited into pathogencontaining phagosomes. While mice lacking MPO are impaired in clearing select microbial infections,MPO deficiency in humans does not necessarily result in heightened susceptibility to infections.
N-acetylated-alpha-linked acidic dipeptidase-like protein, also known as NAALADL1, NAALADase L, and Ileal dipeptidylpeptidase, is a Single-pass type I I membrane protein and a member of the peptidase M28 family and M28B subfamily. NAALADase L is mainly expressed in the distal small intestine. It is also expressed in the spleen and testis and Weakly expressed in the brain, locating mainly to the brain stem, amygdala, thalamus and ventral striatum. NAALADase L is a chloride-activated, membrane bound, metallopeptidase that cleaves the endogenous neuropeptide N-acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG). NAAG acts as a partial NMDA agonist as well as a full agonist at the presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGluR3), where it acts to reduce glutamate release. NAALADase L also exhibits a dipeptidyl-peptidase IV type activity. NAALADase inhibition may be a novel therapeutic approach to reduce or inhibit heightened aggressiveness, and possibly to treat aggressive behavior associated with psychiatric disorders.
Differential screening-selected gene aberrative in neuroblastoma (DAN) is a member of the DAN family of secreted glycoproteins. DAN family antagonists are characterized by a DAN domain that contains a cystine knot motif which is essential for binding to BMP ligands. Members of this family include DAN, gremlin, protein related to DAN and cerberus (PRDC), cerberus, sclerostin (SOST) and uterine sensitization-associated gene 1 protein, and control diverse processes in growth, development and the cell cycle. It has also been reported that DAN family plays crucial role in early mouse embryo development by inhibiting the action of bone morphogenic proteins and modulating the action of transforming growth factor-β superfamily members. DAN is synthesized by small-to intermediate-sized DRG neurons and transported to the sensory nerve terminals in the skin or to the sensory nerve terminals in the dorsal horn. It has been reported that DAN is ubiquitously expressed in adult rat and human tissues. Morphological studies have revealed that, in adult rat, DAN mRNA is expressed ubiquitously in lung and brain, but not in liver.
Natural cytotoxicity triggering receptor 1(NKp46/NCR1) is a single-pass type I membrane protein. It consists of two extracellular Ig-like domains followed by a short stalk region, a transmembrane domain containing a positively charged amino acid residue, and a short cytoplasmictail. NKp46 is predominantly expressed in the embryo. It has a positive charge in its transmembrane domain that permits association with the ITAM-bearing signal adapter proteins, CD3 zeta and Fc epsilon RI gamma. These receptors are expressed almost exclusively by NK cells and play a major role in triggering some of the key lytic activities of NK cells. Studies with neutralizing antibodies indicate that the three NCR are primarily responsible for triggering the NK-mediated lysis of many human tumor celllines.
Nectin-4(PVRL4)isatypeItransmembraneglycoproteinwhichbelongstothenectinfamilyofIgsuperfamilyproteins.ItcontainstwoIg-likeC2-typedomainsandoneIg-likeV-typedomain.PVRL4seemstobeinvolvedincelladhesionthroughtrans-homophilicand-heterophilicinteractions,thelatterincludingspecificallyinteractionswithnectin-1.Itdoesnotactasreceptorforalpha-herpesvirusentryintocells.Itispredominantlyexpressedinplacenta,theembryoandbreastcarcinoma.Butitisnotdetectedinnormalbreastepithelium.Thesolubleformisproducedbyproteolyticcleavageatthecellsurface(shedding),probablybyADAM17.Mutationsinthisgenearethecauseofectodermaldysplasia-syndactylysyndrometype 1, an autosomal recessive disorder.
Neuronal Growth Regulator 1, NEGR1, also known as neurotractin, or KILON, which belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily, IgLON family. This GPI-linked cell surface glycoprotein NEGR1 is composed of three Ig-like domains and belongs to the IgLON subgroup of neural IgSF members. It is expressed in two isoforms with apparent molecular masses of 50 and 37 kD, termed L-form and S-form, respectively. NEGR1/Neurotractin participates in the regulation of neurite outgrowth in the developing brain, and is expressed on neurites of primary hippocampal neurons. Neurotractin/KILON is a trans-neural growth-promoting factor for outgrowing axons following hippocampal denervation. KILON (kindred of IgLON) and opioid-binding cell adhesion molecule belong to the IgLON subgroup of immunoglobulin superfamily together with the limbic system-associated membrane protein and neurotrimin. The alteration of modulatory function of KILON/NEGR1 for the number of dendritic synapses concomitant with changes in its localization and detergent solubility during neuronal culture development. In addition to its reported role in the brain, NEGR1 is also expressed in subcutaneous adipose tissue and acts as a central 'hub' in an obesity-related transcript network.
NEK3 (NIMA (never in mitosis gene a)-related expressed kinase 3), contains 1 protein kinase domain and is a member of the NimA (never in mitosis A) family of serine/threonine protein kinases. Members of the NEK family of protein kinases share high amino acid homology with NIMA (never in mitosis gene a). NEK3 differs from other NimA family members in that it is not cell cycle regulated and is found primarily in the cytoplasm. It is activated by prolactin stimulation, leading to phosphorylation of VAV2 guanine nucleotide exchange factor, paxillin, and activation of the RAC1 GTPase. NEK3 mRNA can be detected in all the proliferating cell lines with the amount not changing during the cell cycle. Prolactin stimulates interaction between NEK3 and paxillin leading to increased paxillin phosphorylation, Analysis of breast tissue microarrays show a significant up-regulation of NEK3 expression in malignant versus normal specimens. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for NEK3 gene. NEK3 may play a role in mitotic regulation.
Lascia la tua email e seleziona le aree che vuoi seguire per ricevere novita di prodotto, approfondimenti tecnici e promozioni piu pertinenti.
Puoi scegliere le macro-aree Life Science e Diagnostica oppure le singole specializzazioni.
Seleziona uno o piu ambiti di interesse per ricevere comunicazioni piu utili e mirate.
Aggiornamenti su ricerca, strumentazione e applicazioni per il mondo Life Science.
Novita, approfondimenti e promozioni per laboratori diagnostici e flussi operativi.
2025 TEMA Ricerca - All Rights Reserved.
