IL-1 alpha is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. Cytokines are proteinaceous signaling compounds that are major mediators of the immune response. They control many different cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival/apoptosis but are also involved in several pathophysiological processes including viral infections and autoimmune diseases. Cytokines are synthesized under various stimuli by a variety of cells of both the innate (monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells) and adaptive (T-and B-cells) immune systems. Cytokines can be classified into two groups: pro-and anti-inflammatory. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IFNgamma, IL-1, IL-6, and TNF-alpha, are predominantly derived from the innate immune cells and Th1 cells. anti-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-10, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-5, are synthesized from Th2 immune cells. IL-1 alpha is a pleiotropic cytokine involved in various immune responses, inflammatory processes, and hematopoiesis. It is produced by monocytes and macrophages as a proprotein, which is proteolytically processed and released in response to cell injury, and thus induces apoptosis. IL-1 alpha stimulates thymocyte proliferation by inducing IL-2 release, B-cell maturation and proliferation, and fibroblast growth factor activity.
Interleukin-1 beta(IL1 beta or IL1B) also known as catabolin, is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. IL1 is a pleiotropic cytokine. It is involved in the inflammatory response, cell growth, and tissue repair in the cortex. The IL1 superfamily consists of three members, IL1A(IL1 alpha), IL1B(IL1 beta), and IL1 receptor antagonist(IL1Ra) . In clinical, it has been reported that Interleukin(IL) -1 may influence Th1 / Th2 immune responsiveness and has been implicated in the establishment of a successful pregnancy. Proinflammatory interleukin(IL) -1 gene polymorphisms associated with high levels of IL-1beta activity increase the risk for hypochlorhydria and distal gastric carcinoma. IL1B polymorphisms may be involved in susceptibility to SSc. Moreover, the IL2-384-G allele may be a marker for the limited phenotype of systemic sclerosis(SSc) .
Interleukin-1 beta (IL1 beta or IL1B) also known as catabolin, is a member of the interleukin 1 cytokine family. IL1 is a pleiotropic cytokine. It is involved in the inflammatory response, cell growth, and tissue repair in the cortex. The IL1 superfamily consists of three members, IL1A (IL1 alpha), IL1B (IL1 beta), and IL1 receptor antagonist (IL1Ra). In clinical, it has been reported that Interleukin (IL)-1 may influence Th1 / Th2 immune responsiveness and has been implicated in the establishment of a successful pregnancy. Proinflammatory interleukin (IL)-1 gene polymorphisms associated with high levels of IL-1βeta activity increase the risk for hypochlorhydria and distal gastric carcinoma. IL1B polymorphisms may be involved in susceptibility to SSc. Moreover, the IL2-384-G allele may be a marker for the limited phenotype of systemic sclerosis (SSc).
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