Chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 2 (CXCL2) , also called macrophage inflammatory protein 2 (MIP-2) , Growth-regulated protein beta (Gro-beta) and Gro oncogene-2 (Gro-2) , is a small cytokine belonging to the CXC chemokine family. CXCL2/MIP-2 is selectively up-regulated in tolerance-conferring APCs and serves to recruit NKT cells to the splenic marginal zone , where they form clusters with APCs and T cells. In the absence of the high-affinity receptor for CXCL2/MIP-2 or in the presence of a blocking Ab to CXCL2/MIP-2 , peripheral tolerance is prevented , and Ag-specific T regulatory cells are not generated. CXCL2/MIP-2 is selectively up-regulated in tolerance-conferring APCs and serves to recruit NKT cells to the splenic marginal zone , where they form clusters with APCs and T cells. In the absence of the high-affinity receptor for MIP-2 (as in CXCR2-deficient mice) or in the presence of a blocking Ab to MIP-2 , peripheral tolerance is prevented , and Ag-specific T regulatory cells are not generated. Understanding the regulation of lymphocyte traffic during tolerance induction may lead to novel therapies for autoimmunity , graft acceptance , and tumor rejection. Several studies have implicated the CXCL2 chemokine as a mediator in the development of sepsis. CXCL2/MIP-2 also plays a major role in mediating the neutrophilic inflammatory response of the rodent lung to particles such as quartz , crocidolite asbestos , as well as high doses of other relative innocuous dusts such as titanium dioxide.
CXCL3/CINC-2α/β is involved in migration, invasion, proliferation and tubule formation of trophoblasts and may play a key role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia. CXCL3/CINC-2α/β autocrine/paracrine pathways are involved in the development of prostate cancer by regulating the expression of the target genes that are related to the progression of malignancies. CXCL3/CINC-2α/β is a novel adipokine that facilitates adipogenesis in an autocrine and/or a paracrine manner throμgh induction of c/ebpb and c/ebpd. CXCL3/CINC-2α/β and its receptor CXCR2 are overexpressed in prostate cancer cells, prostate epithelial cells and prostate cancer tissues, which may play multiple roles in prostate cancer progression and metastasis.
C-X-C Motif Chemokine 3 (CXCL3) is a secreted protein that belongs to the intercrine alpha (chemokine CXC) family. CXCL3 controls the migration and adhesion of monocytes and mediates its effect on its target cell by interacting with a cell surface chemokine receptor called CXCR2. In addition, CXCL3 is thought to play a role in inflammation and exert its effects on endothelial cells in an autocrine fashion.
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