Fibroblast Growth Factor 17 (FGF17) is a member of the heparin-binding growth factors family that is prominently expressed in the cerebellum and cortex. Proteins of this family possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities and they are involved in a variety of biological processes including embryonic development cell growth; morphogenesis; tissue repair; tumor growth; and invasion. FGF17 plays an important role in the regulation of embryonic development and it acts as signaling molecule in the induction and patterning of the embryonic brain. In addition; FGF17 stimulates the proliferation and activation of cells that express FGF receptors.
Fibroblast growth factor 18 (FGF18) is a member of the fibroblast growth factor (FGF) family. FGF family members possess broad mitogenic and cell survival activities, and are involved in a variety of biological processes, including embryonic development, cell growth, morphogenesis, tissue repair, tumor growth, and invasion. It has been shown in vitro that FGF18 is able to induce neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. Studies of the similar proteins in mouse and chick suggested that this protein is a pleiotropic growth factor that stimulates proliferation in a number of tissues, most notably the liver and small intestine. Experiment datas identified FGF18 as a selective ligand for FGFR3 in limb bud mesenchymal cells, which suppressed proliferation and promoted their differentiation and production of cartilage matrix. FGF18 appears to regulate cell proliferation and differentiation positively in osteogenesis and negatively in chondrogenesis.
Fibroblast Growth Factor 18 (FGF-18) is a 20 kDa protein that plays an important role in skeletal development and bone homeostasis . Mature human FGF-18 shares 99% amino acid sequence identity with mouse and rat FGF-18 . It is expressed in embryonic somites and the neural fold , adult lung , cerebellar and hippocampal neurons , hair follicle root sheath cells , and osteogenic mesenchymal cells . FGF-18 binds to FGF R2c, FGF R3c as well as the Golgi protein GLG1 and induces the proliferation of astrocytes and microglia, vascular endothelial cells, dermal fibroblasts, papilla cells, and keratinocytes . FGF-18 is required for normal skeletal development . It recruits osteoclasts and osteoblasts to the growth plate, promotes osteoclast formation and function, inhibits osteoblast differentiation, promotes skeletal vascularization, and induces chondrocyte hypertrophy and cartilage matrix formation.
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