The protein encoded by this gene is induced by environmental stress and developmental changes. The encoded protein is involved in stress resistance and actin organization and translocates from the cytoplasm to the nucleus upon stress induction. Defects in this gene are a cause of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 2F (CMT2F) and distal hereditary motor neuropathy (dHMN).
DnaJ Homolog Subfamily B Member 1 (DNAJB1) is a member of the heat shock protein family. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a highly conserved family of stress response proteins. HSPs function primarily as molecular chaperones, facilitating the folding of other cellular proteins, preventing protein aggregation, or targeting improperly folded proteins to specific degradative pathways. DNAJB1 regulates cellular processes by aiding in the folding, transport and assembly. DNAJB1 contains a J-domain which controls interaction with the ATPase domain of DnaK. DNAJB1 interacts with HSP70 and can stimulate its ATPase activity. In addition, DNAJB1 stimulates the association between HSC70 and HIP.
HSPA1A is a member of the Hsp70 protein family. The 70 kilodalton heat shock proteins (Hsp70s) are a family of ubiquitously expressed heat shock proteins. HSP are abundant and conserved proteins present in all cells. Upon temperature shock or other stress stimuli, HSP are synthesized intracellularly, which may protect cells from protein denaturation or from death. Extracellularly, HSP can serve a cytokine function to initiate both innate and adaptive immunity through activation of APC. HSP serves also a chaperone function and facilitates presentation of antigen peptide to T cells. Molecular chaperones of the Hsp70 family have diverse functions in cells. They assist the folding of newly synthesized and stress-denatured proteins, as well as the import of proteins into organelles, and the dissociation of aggregated proteins. The well-conserved Hsp70 chaperones are ATP dependent: binding and hydrolysis of ATP regulates their interactions with unfolded polypeptide substrates, and ATPase cycling is necessary for their function. All cellular functions of Hsp70 chaperones use the same mechanism of ATP-driven polypeptide binding and release.
Heat shock protein 90 (90 kDa heat-shock protein, HSP90) is a molecular chaperone involved in the trafficking of proteins in the cell. It is a remarkably versatile protein involved in the stress response and in normal homoeostatic control mechanisms. HSP90 interacts with 'client proteins', including protein kinases, transcription factors and others, and either facilitates their stabilization and activation or directs them for proteasomal degradation. By this means, HSP90 displays a multifaceted ability to influence signal transduction, chromatin remodelling and epigenetic regulation, development and morphological evolution. HSP90 operates as a dimer in a conformational cycle driven by ATP binding and hydrolysis at the N-terminus. Disruption of HSP90 leads to client protein degradation and often cell death. Under stressful conditions, HSP90 stabilizes its client proteins and provides protection to the cell against cellular stressors such as in cancer cells. Especially, several oncoproteins act as HSP90 client proteins and tumor cells require higher HSP90 activity than normal cells to maintain their malignancy. For this reason, Hsp90 has emerged as a promising target for anti-cancer drug development.
HSPA1A is a member of the Hsp70 protein family. The 70 kilodalton heat shock proteins (Hsp70s) are a family of ubiquitously expressed heat shock proteins. HSP are abundant and conserved proteins present in all cells. Upon temperature shock or other stress stimuli, HSP is synthesized intracellularly, which may protect cells from protein denaturation or death. Extracellularly, HSP can serve a cytokine function to initiate both innate and adaptive immunity through activation of APC. HSP serves also a chaperone function and facilitates the presentation of antigen peptide to T cells. Molecular chaperones of the Hsp70 family have diverse functions in cells. They assist the folding of newly synthesized and stress-denatured proteins, as well as the import of proteins into organelles, and the dissociation of aggregated proteins. The well-conserved Hsp70 chaperones are ATP dependent: binding and hydrolysis of ATP regulate their interactions with unfolded polypeptide substrates, and ATPase cycling is necessary for their function. All cellular functions of Hsp70 chaperones use the same mechanism of ATP-driven polypeptide binding and release.
This intronless gene encodes a 70kDa heat shock protein which is a member of the heat shock protein 70 family. In conjuction with other heat shock proteins, this protein stabilizes existing proteins against aggregation and mediates the folding of newly translated proteins in the cytosol and in organelles. It is also involved in the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway through interaction with the AU-rich element RNA-binding protein 1. The gene is located in the major histocompatibility complex class III region, in a cluster with two closely related genes which encode similar proteins.
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