Interleukin 5 (IL-5) is a member of the interleukin family with a length of 115 amino acids. Interleukins are a group of cytokines (secreted proteins/signaling molecules) that were first seen to be expressed by white blood cells (leukocytes) and has been found in a wide variety of body cells. Interleukin 5 or IL-5 is produced by T helper-2 cells and mast cells. It helps to stimulate B cell growth and increase immunoglobulin secretion and is considered a key mediator in eosinophil activation. Interleukin 5 (IL-5) has long been associated with several allergic diseases , including allergic rhinitis and asthma. Growth in the number of circulating , airway tissue , and induced sputum eosinophils have been observed in patients with these diseases. IL-5 also had something with the terminally differentiated granulocyte eosinophils. IL-5 was originally found as an eosinophil colony-stimulating factor. It has been proved to be a major regulator of eosinophil accumulation in tissues and can modulate eosinophil behavior at every stage from maturation to survival.
IL-5 is expressed in eosinophils, NK cells, TC2 CD8+ T cells, mast cells, CD45+ CD4+ T cells, gamma delta T cells and IL-1 beta activated endothelial cells. IL-5 acts as a growth and differentiation factor for both B cells and eosinophils. Relative to B cells, IL-5 appears to induce the differentiation of activated conventional B-2 cells into Ig-secreting cells. In addition, it induces the growth of B-1 progenitors as well as IgM production by B-1 cells.IL-5 appears to perform a number of functions on eosinophils. These include the down modulation of Mac-1,the upregulation of receptors for IgA and IgG,the stimulation of lipid mediator (leukotriene C4 and PAF) secretion and the induction of granule release.IL-5 also promotes the growth and differentiation of eosinophils.
Interleukin 5 (IL-5) is a member of the interleukin family with a length of 115 amino acids. Interleukins are a group of cytokines (secreted proteins/signaling molecules) that were first seen to be expressed by white blood cells (leukocytes) and has been found in a wide variety of body cells. Interleukin 5 or IL-5 is produced by T helper-2 cells and mast cells. It helps to stimulate B cell growth and increase immunoglobulin secretion and is considered a key mediator in eosinophil activation. Interleukin 5 (IL-5) has long been associated with several allergic diseases, including allergic rhinitis and asthma. Growth in the number of circulating, airway tissue, and induced sputum eosinophils have been observed in patients with these diseases. IL-5 also had something with the terminally differentiated granulocyte eosinophils. IL-5 was originally found as an eosinophil colony-stimulating factor. It has been proved to be a major regulator of eosinophil accumulation in tissues and can modulate eosinophil behavior at every stage from maturation to survival.
This gene encodes a cytokine that acts as a growth and differentiation factor for both B cells and eosinophils. The encoded cytokine plays a major role in the regulation of eosinophil formation, maturation, recruitment and survival. The increased production of this cytokine may be related to pathogenesis of eosinophil-dependent inflammatory diseases. This cytokine functions by binding to its receptor, which is a heterodimer, whose beta subunit is shared with an the receptors for interleukine 3 (IL3) and colony stimulating factor 2 (CSF2/GM-CSF). This gene is located on chromosome 5 with anin a cytokine gene cluster which includes interleukin 4 (IL4), interleukin 13 (IL13), and CSF2 . This gene, IL4, and IL13 may be regulated coordinately by long-range regulatory elements spread over 120 kilobases on chromosome 5q31.
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