Angiotensinogen is involved in maintaining blood pressure and in the pathogenesis of essential hypertension and preeclampsia. Genetic variations in Angiotensinogen are associated with susceptibility to essential hypertension, and can cause renal tubular dysgenesis, a severe disorder of renal tubular development. Defects in the encoding gene have also been associated with non-familial structural atrial fibrillation, and inflammatory bowel disease.
AIF1, also known as IBA1, is an actin-binding protein. AIF1 is expressed selectively in human macrophage-like cell lines, and in a subset of CD68(+) macrophages in the interstitial and perivascular spaces of human heart allografts. It is expressed in macrophages and neutrophils. AIF1 enhances membrane ruffling and RAC activation. AIF1 enhances the actin-bundling activity of LCP1. It also enhances lymphocyte migration. AIF1 may play a role in macrophage activation and function. It binds calcium and plays a role in RAC signaling and in phagocytosis. It promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and of T-lymphocytes.
Allograft Inflammatory Factor 1 (AIF1) contains two EF-hand domains and exists as a homodimer. AIF1 can be detected in T-lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells. AIF1 functions as actin-binding protein that enhances membrane ruffling and RAC activation and can enhance the actin-bundling activity of LCP1. In addition, AIF1 plays a role in RAC signaling and in phagocytosis and may also in macrophage activation and function. AIF1 promotes the proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells and of T-lymphocytes and plays a role in vascular inflammation.
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