Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT); also known as pre-B-cell colony-enhancing factor 1 (PBEF1) or visfatin; is an enzyme belonging to the family of glycosyltransferases; to be specific; the pentosyltransferases. This enzyme participates in nicotinate and nicotinamide metabolism. This enzyme catalyzes the condensation of nicotinamide with 5- phosphoribosyl-1- pyrophosphate to yield nicotinamide mononucleotide; one step in the biosynthesis of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide. NAMPT is also considered as an essential enzyme mediating granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)-triggered granulopoiesis in healthy individuals and in individuals with severe congenital neutropenia. Intracellular NAMPT and NAD+ amounts in myeloid cells; as well as plasma NAMPT and NAD+ levels; were increased by G-CSF treatment of both healthy volunteers and individuals with congenital neutropenia.
Pre-B cell colony enhancing factor (PBEF) was originally identified as a cytokine that potentiated the clonal expansion and differentiation of pre-B cells, but it is also acknowledged to be the ubiquitous intracellular enzyme nicotinamide phosphoribosyltranferase (NAMPT) and the adipokine “visfatin”. PBEF is constitutively expressed in the fetal membranes where its greatest expression is in the amnion. It has intracellular and extracellular forms. Most of the intracellular functions of PBEF are due to its role as a Nampt which can induce angiogenesis through upregulation of VEGF and VEGFR and secretion of MCP-1. Extracellular PBEF has been shown to increase inflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-16, and TGF-β1. PBEF also increases the production of IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β in CD14+ monocyctes, macrophages, and dendritic cells, enhances the effectiveness of T cells.
Phenazine Biosynthesis-Like Domain-Containing protein (PBLD) belongs to the phenazine biosynthesis-like protein (PhzF) family, which is expressed in most tissues. PBLD takes part in the MAPK signaling pathway, and is involved in multiple basic cellular functions. The expression of PBLD can be increased in several disease processes, including insulin resistance, folate deficiency and hypotension.
Pterin-4-α-Carbinolamine Dehydratase (PCBD1) is the founding member of the Pterin-4-α-Carbinolamine Dehydratase Family. PCBD1 is involved in Tetrahydrobiopterin biosynthesis. It seems to prevent the formation of 7-Pterins and accelerate the formation of Quinonoid-BH2. Furthermore, PCBD1 regulates the homodimerization of the transcription factor Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 1 (HNF1) and enhances its transcriptional activity. Defects in PCBD1 are the cause of BH4-Deficient Hyperphenylalaninemia Type D (HPABH4D). HPABH4D is characterized by the excretion of 7-substituted Pterins in the urine of affected patients.
Poly(rC)-binding protein 1, also known as Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein E1, Alpha-CP1, Nucleic acid-binding protein SUB2.3 and PCBP1, is a family member of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoproteins (hnRNPs) that belong to RNA-binding proteins and bear three KH domains. PCBP1 is loosely bound in the nucleus. It may shuttle between the nucleus and the cytoplasm. It is abundantly expressed in skeletal muscle, thymus and peripheral blood leukocytes while a lower expression is observed in prostate, spleen, testis, ovary, small intestine, heart, liver, adrenal and thyroid glands. PCBP1 is widely expressed in many human tissues and involved in regulation of transcription, transportation process, and function of RNA molecules. PCBP1 plays a pivotal role in post-transcriptional regulation for RNA metabolism and RNA function in gene expression. PCBP1 acts as a negative regulator of CD44 variants splicing in HepG2 cells, and loss of PCBP1 in human hepatic tumor contributes to the formation of a metastatic phenotype.
PCK2 (Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase 2, Mitochondrial) is a Protein Coding gene. Diseases associated with PCK2 include Pepck 1 Deficiency and Phosphoenolpyruvate Carboxykinase Deficiency, Mitochondrial. Among its related pathways are Glycosaminoglycan metabolism and DNA Damage Response (only ATM dependent). Gene Ontology (GO) annotations related to this gene include GTP binding and purine nucleotide binding. An important paralog of this gene is PCK1.
This protein is an auxiliary protein of DNA polymerase delta and is involved in the control of eukaryotic DNA replication by increasing the polymerase's processibility during elongation of the leading strand. Induces a robust stimulatory effect on the 3'-5' exonuclease and 3'-phosphodiesterase, but not apurinic-apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease, APEX2 activities. Has to be loaded onto DNA in order to be able to stimulate APEX2.
Inserisci la tua e-mail e seleziona le aree di interesse per ricevere le ultime novità, approfondimenti e promozioni.
Seleziona uno o più ambiti di interesse per ricevere comunicazioni più utili e mirate.
2025 TEMA Ricerca - All Rights Reserved.
