ROR1,also known as Neurotrophic tyrosine kinase, receptor-related 1, belongs to the ROR subfamily of Tyr protein kinase family,a protein kinase superfamily. It has very low kinase activity in vitro and is unlikely to function as a tyrosine kinase in vivo. Human ROR1 is a type I transmembrane protein with 937 amino acids (aa) in length. It contains a 29 aa signal sequence, a 377 aa extracellular domain (ECD), a 21 aa transmembrane segment, and a 510 aa cytoplasmic region. Human ROR1 shares 97% and 58% aa sequence identity with mouse ROR1 and human ROR2, respectively. ROR1 may act as a receptor for wnt ligand WNT5A which may result in the inhibition of WNT3A-mediated signaling. ROR1 expressed strongly in human heart, lung and kidney, but weakly in the CNS. Its Isoform Short is strongly expressed in fetal and adult CNS and in a variety of human cancers, including those originating from CNS or PNS neuroectoderm.
Receptor tyrosine kinase-like orphan receptor 1 (ROR1); also known as neurotrophic tyrosine kinase; it is a member of the ROR family within receptor tyrosine kinases (RTK) superfamily. Human ROR1 is a type I transmembrane protein with 937 amino acids (aa) in length. It contains a 29 aa signal sequence; a 377 aa extracellular domain (ECD); a 21 aa transmembrane segment; and a 510 aa cytoplasmic region. ROR1 expressed strongly in human heart; lung and kidney; but weakly in the CNS. At developmental stage; it expressed at high levels during early embryonic development. ROR1 has been shown to have very low kinase activity in vitro and is unlikely to function as a tyrosine kinase in vivo. It may act as a receptor for wnt ligand WNT5A which may result in the inhibition of WNT3A-mediated signaling.
Receptor Tyrosine Kinaselike Orphan Receptor 2(ROR2) belongs to the protein kinase superfamily, Tyr protein kinase family and ROR subfamily. It is a member of the ROR family of receptor tyrosine kinases and is important for skeletal development, including bone and cartilage formation, as well as for the development of the central nervous system. ROR2 promotes osteogenesis, binds YWHAB and Interacts with WTIP. ROR2 is broadly expressed during embryonic development and can be found in cells of all three germ layers as well as in most organ tissues. Activation of ROR2 signaling promotes cellular proliferation, differentiation, cellpolarization, and migration. ROR2 has also been shown to have very little tyrosine kinase activity in vitro and may act as a receptor for wnt ligand WNT5A which may result in the inhibition of WNT3A-mediated signaling.
Ribulose-Phosphate 3-Epimerase (RPE) is a member of the Ribulose-Phosphate 3-Epimerase family. RPE exists as a homodimer and catalyzes the reversible epimerization of D-ribulose 5-phosphate to D-xylulose 5-phosphate. RPE binds one divalent metal cation per subunit and contains tightly bound Fe2+ when produced in E. coli, but the physiological cofactor may be Co2+, Mn2+ or Zn2+. It has been shown that RPE participates in 3 metabolic pathways: pentose phosphate pathway, pentose and glucuronate interconversions, and carbon fixation.
The "ribulose phosphate binding" superfamily defined by the Structural Classification of Proteins (SCOP) database is considered the result of divergent evolution from a common (beta/alpha)(8)-barrel ancestor. The superfamily includes d-ribulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase (RPE); orotidine 5'-monophosphate decarboxylase (OMPDC); and 3-keto-l-gulonate 6-phosphate decarboxylase (KGPDC). Replication of the human genome requires the activation of thousands of replicons distributed along each one of the chromosomes. Each replicon contains an initiation; or origin; site; at which DNA synthesis begins. In enzymology; a L-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction L-ribulose 5-phosphate to L-xylulose 5-phosphate. Hence; RPE has one substrate; L-ribulose 5-phosphate; and one product; L-xylulose 5-phosphate. RPE belongs to the family of isomerases; specifically those racemases and epimerases acting on carbohydrates and derivatives. The systematic name of this enzyme class is L-ribulose-5-phosphate 3-epimerase. Other names in common use include L-xylulose 5-phosphate 3-epimerase; UlaE; and SgaU.
RPLP1 (ribosomal protein large P1) is part of the 60S ribosomal subunit and functions in regulating elongation translation factors, and its expression is regulated by the estrogen target gene, c-Myc. RPLP1 has two alternatively spliced transcript variants that encode different proteins, with variant 1 coding for a protein of ~12-kDa molecular weight and variant 2 coding for an ~8.4-kDa protein, and the variant 1-transcribed protein appears as the major isoform. RPLP1 is proposed to play a role in diseases associated with cell proliferation and cell survival.
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