Syndecan-1 is a single-pass type I membrane protein that belongs to the syndecan proteoglycan family. The syndecans mediate cell binding; cell signaling; and cytoskeletal organization and syndecan receptors are required for internalization of the HIV-1 tat protein. Human SDC1 is synthesized as a 310 amino acid precursor that contains a 22 amino acid signal sequence; and a 288 amino acid mature chain. The Syndecan-1 protein functions as an integral membrane protein and participates in cell proliferation; cell migration and cell-matrix interactions via its receptor for extracellular matrix proteins. Altered Syndecan-1 expression has been detected in several different tumor types.
Syndecan-1 is a single-pass type I membrane protein that belongs to the syndecan proteoglycan family. The syndecans mediate cell binding, cell signaling, and cytoskeletal organization and syndecan receptors are required for internalization of the HIV-1 tat protein. Human SDC1 is synthesized as a 310 amino acid precursor that contains a 22 amino acid signal sequence, and a 288 amino acid mature chain. The Syndecan-1 protein functions as an integral membrane protein and participates in cell proliferation, cell migration and cell-matrix interactions via its receptor for extracellular matrix proteins. Altered Syndecan-1 expression has been detected in several different tumor types.
Syndecan-2 is a member of the Syndecans family comprised of type I transmembrane heparan sulfate proteoglycans (HSPG) that are involved in the regulation of many cellular processes. Four sub-types of mammalian Syndecans have been reported and among them. Syndecan-2 plays a role in the cancer development. It can affect the basal and chemotherapy-induced apoptosis in osteosarcoma. It can also suppress MMP2 activation, suppressing metastasis.
Syntaxin-6 (STX6) is a single-pass type IV membrane protein, which belongs to the Syntaxin family. STX6 is mainly localized in the plasma membrane. STX6 contains one t-SNARE coiled-coil homology domain and involved in intracellular vesicle trafficking. When STX6 function is inhibited, internalization through caveolae is dramaticaliy reduced, whereas other endocytic mechanisms are unaffected. It is reported that STX6 is necessary for proper expression of focal adhesion kinase and integrin alpha5 adhesion receptor.
Syntaxin 7 (STX7) is a member of a family of membrane-trafficking proteins named as soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNAREs), and mediates the endocytic trafficking from early endosomes to late endosomes and lysosomes. Syntaxin-7 has been shown to be present in both late endosomes and lysosomes, and to be required for both homotypic late endosome fusion and heterotypic fusion with lysosomes. STX7 has been shown to interact with STX8, VPS18, Vesicle-associated membrane protein 8 and VPS11.
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