Interleukin-17 is a potent pro-inflammatory cytokine produced by activated memory T cells. There are at least six members of the IL-17 family in humans and in mice. Mature mouse IL-17A shares 61% and 89% amino acid sequence identity with human and rat IL-17A, respectively. As IL-17 shares properties with IL-1 and TNF-alpha, it may induce joint inflammation and bone and cartilage destruction. This cytokine is found in synovial fluids of patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and produced by rheumatoid arthritis synovium. It increases IL-6 production, induces collagen degradation and decreases collagen synthesis by synovium and cartilage and proteoglycan synthesis in cartilage. IL-17 is also able to increase bone destruction and reduce its formation. Blocking of interleukin-17 with specific inhibitors provides a protective inhibition of cartilage and bone degradation.
IL17, also known as IL17a, is a cytokine that belongs to the IL-17 family. Cytokines are proteinaceous signaling compounds that are major mediators of the immune response. They control many different cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, and cell survival/apoptosis but are also involved in several pathophysiological processes including viral infections and autoimmune diseases. Cytokines are synthesized under various stimuli by a variety of cells of both the innate (monocytes, macrophages, dendritic cells) and adaptive (T- and B-cells) immune systems. The IL-17 family of cytokines includes six members, IL-17/IL-17A, IL-17B, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E/IL-25, and IL-17F, which are produced by multiple cell types. IL-17 regulates the activities of NF-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinases. This cytokine can stimulate the expression of IL6 and cyclooxygenase-2 (PTGS2/COX-2), as well as enhance the production of nitric oxide (NO). High levels of IL-17 are associated with several chronic inflammatory diseases including rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis, and multiple sclerosis.
Interleukin-17B (IL-17B) is a member of IL-17 cytokines family that plays important roles in host defence responses and inflammatory diseases. In addition to IL-17B, members of the IL-17 family include IL-17A, IL-17C, IL-17D, IL-17E and IL-17F. The six IL-17 cytokines are highly conserved at C terminus, and contain five spatially conserved cysteine residues that mediate dimerization. Expression of IL-17B protein has been reported in neurons, testis, ovary, stomach, pancreas, small intestine and chondrocytes. IL-17B binds to Interleukine-17 receptor B (IL-17 RB) and induces the production of inflammatory cytokines and the infiltration of inflammatory immune cells.
IL17RB (Interleukin 17 Receptor B) is a Protein Coding gene. IL17RB is the receptor for IL17E, the only member of the IL17 family promoting Th2 reactions. IL17RB is induced on human macrophages by IL4 and enhanced by TGFbeta. Overexpression of IL17RB is associated with poor prognosis and the short survival of breast cancer patients.IL17RB/IL17B signaling triggers a substantial increase in cell growth, proliferation, and migration through the activation of NF-kappaB as well as the up-regulation of the Bcl-2. IL17RB may be the only gene expressed in CD4+ T cells whose transcript measurement is correlated with the variation in IgE level in asthmatics. Diseases associated with IL17RB include Chronic Mucocutaneous Candidiasis and Seborrheic Infantile Dermatitis.
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