Trophoblast glycoprotein (encoded by 5T4) is a leucine-rich transmembrane glycoprotein that may be involved in cell adhesion. This protein is an oncofetal antigen that is specific to trophoblast cells. In adults this protein is highly expressed in many tumor cells and is associated with poor clinical outcome in numerous cancers.
Alpha 1-antichymotrypsin (AACT), also known as Human SerpinA3, is a member of the serine protease inhibitor class, and is a plasma alpha globulin glycoprotein which increases in the blood during the inflammatory process. SerpinA3, is also an inhibitor of neutrophil cathepsin G, mast cell chymases and pancreatic chymotrypsin. SerpinA3 is produced primarily in the liver, and is identified as an acute-phase inflammatory protein. SerpinA3 deficiency has been associated with liver disease. SerpinA3 has also been implicated in the pathology of a number of devastating human diseases including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), Stroke, Cystic Fibrosis, Cerebral Haemorrhage and Multiple System Atrophy.
AARSD1 belongs to the class-II aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase family, Alax-L subfamily. AARSD1 binds 1 zinc ion per subunit functions in trans to edit the amino acid moiety from incorrectly charged tRNA(Ala). Four transcript variants have been described for AARSD1: NM_25267.3, NM_113642.2, NM_1142653.1 and NM_1142654.1. It has been determined that the latter two variants represent a distinct upstream locus, which is now represented by GeneID:1885848 (PTGES3L), while the former two variants represent readthrough transcripts between PTGES3L and this locus (AARSD1). The readthrough locus (PTGES3L-AARSD1) is now represented by GeneID:188585.
AATF is an RNA polymerase II binding protein that participates in the transcriptional regulation of E2F target genes and cell proliferation, and protects cells from a variety of stress stimuli by inducing cell cycle arrest, autophagy or apoptosis inhibition. AATF can also be used as a general inhibitor of histone deacetylase HDAC1.
4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ABAT gene. This gene is located in chromosome 16 at position of 13.2. This gene goes by a number of names, including, GABA transaminase, GABAT, 4-aminobutyrate transaminase, NPD009 etc. This gene is mainly and abundant located in neuronal tissues. 4-Aminobutyrate aminotransferase belongs to group of pyridoxal 5-phosphate-dependent enzyme which activates a large portion giving reaction to amino acids. ABAT is made up of two monomers of enzymes where each subunit has a molecular weight of 50kDa. It is identified that almost tierce of human synapses have GABA. GABA is a neurotransmitter that has different roles in different regions of the central and peripheral nervous systems. It can be found also in some tissues that do not have neurons. In addition, GAD and GABA-AT are responsible in regulating the concentration of GABA.
Catalyzes the transport of the major hydrophobic bile salts, such as taurine and glycine-conjugated cholic acid across the canalicular membrane of hepatocytes in an ATP-dependent manner, therefore participates to hepatic bile acids homeostasis and consequently to lipid homeostasis through regulation of biliary lipid secretion in a bile salts dependent manner. Transports taurine-conjugated bile salts more rapidly than glycine-conjugated bile salts. Also transports non-bile acid compounds, such as pravastatin and fexofenadine in an ATP-dependent manner and may be involved in their biliary excretion.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters. ABC proteins transport various molecules across extra- and intra-cellular membranes. ABC genes are divided into seven distinct subfamilies (ABC1, MDR/TAP, MRP, ALD, OABP, GCN20, White). This protein is a member of the OABP subfamily. Alternatively referred to as the RNase L inhibitor, this protein functions to block the activity of ribonuclease L. Activation of ribonuclease L leads to inhibition of protein synthesis in the 2-5A/RNase L system, the central pathway for viral interferon action. Two transcript variants encoding the same protein have been found for this gene.
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