Protein disulfide-isomerase A5 is a 519 amino acids protein that belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family.It contains 3 thioredoxin domains.It can catalyze the rearrangement of -S-S- bonds in proteins.
Protein Disulfide-Isomerase A6 (PDIA6) is a 48.5kDa protein that belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family (PDI). PDIA6 is an enzyme in the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes which catalyzes the formation and breakage of disulfide bonds between cysteine residues within proteins as they fold. The PDIA6 expressed in platelets, its functions as a chaperone that inhibits aggregation of misfolded proteins. PDIA6 is part a large chaperone multiprotein complex comprising DNAJB11, HSP90B1, HSPA5, HYOU, PDIA2, PDIA4, PDIA6, PPIB, SDF2L1, UGT1A1. PDIA6 also plays a role in platelet aggregation and activation by agonists such as convulxin, collagen and thrombin.
Protein Disulfide-Isomerase-Like Protein of the Testis (PDILT) is a protein that belongs to the protein disulfide isomerase family. Human PDILT is synthesized as a 584 amino acid precursor that contains an 20 amino acid signal sequence and a 564 amino acid mature chain. PDILT contains 1 thioredoxin domain lacks the conserved redox-active Cys at position 417 which is replaced by a Ser residue, suggesting that it lacks thioredoxin activity. PDILT is an enzyme in the endoplasmic reticulum in eukaryotes. It is not a disulfide-linked homodimer. The PDILT protein can interacts with ERO1L and CLGN. PDILT probable redox-inactive chaperone involved in spermatogenesis.
Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase, isozyme 1, also known as [Pyruvate dehydrogenase [lipoamide]] kinase isozyme 1, mitochondrial and PDK1, is a member of the PDK / BCKDK protein kinase family. PDK-1 is expressed predominantly in the heart. It contains onehistidine kinase domain. Pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase (PDK) isoforms are molecular switches that downregulate the pyruvate dehydrogenase complex (PDC) by reversible phosphorylation in mitochondria. An inhibitory effect of lipoic acid on PDKs would result in less phosphorylation of E1 and hence increased PDC activity. At least two isoenzymic forms of pyruvate dehydrogenase kinase ( PDK-1 and PDK-2 ) may be involved in the regulation of enzymatic activity of mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by phosphorylation. PDK-3 appears to have the highest specific activity among the three isoenzymes. PDK-1 inhibits the mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase complex by phosphorylation of the E1 alpha subunit, thus contributing to the regulation of glucose metabolism.
PDZ binding kinase (PBK), also known as TOPK (T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase), is a serine/threonine kinase related to the dual specific mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) family, and has all the characteristic protein kinase subdomains and a C-terminal PDZ-binding T/SXV motif. PBK is expressed in the testis restrictedly expressed in outer cell layer of seminiferous tubules, as well as placenta. PBK may be enrolled in the activation of lymphoid cells and support testicular functions, with a suggested role in the process of spermatogenesis.This mitotic kinase phosphorylates MAP kinase p38 and seems to be active in mitosis. When phosphorylated, PBK forms a protein-protein interaction with tumor suppressor p53 (TP53), leading to TP53 destabilization and attenuation of G2/M checkpoint during doxorubicin-induced DNA damage. The expression level of PBK is thus upregulated in a variety of neoplasms including hematological malignancies.
Programmed death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1; CD274; B7-H1) has been identified as the ligand for the immunoinhibitory receptor programmed death-1(PD1/PDCD1) and has been demonstrated to play a role in the regulation of immune responses and peripheral tolerance. PD-L1/B7-H1 is a member of the growing B7 family of immune molecules and this protein contains one V-like and one C-like Ig domain within the extracellular domain; and together with PD-L2; are two ligands for PD1 which belongs to the CD28/CTLA4 family expressed on activated lymphoid cells. By binding to PD1 on activated T-cells and B-cells; PD-L1 may inhibit ongoing T-cell responses by inducing apoptosis and arresting cell-cycle progression. Accordingly; it leads to growth of immunogenic tumor growth by increasing apoptosis of antigen specific T cells and may contribute to immune evasion by cancers. PD-L1 thus is regarded as promising therapeutic target for human autoimmune disease and malignant cancers.
CD274; also known as B7-H1 or programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1); is a 40 kD type I transmembrane protein and a member of the B7 family within the immunoglobulin receptor superfamily. Programmed death-1 ligand-1 (PD-L1; CD274; B7-H1) has been identified as the ligand for the immunoinhibitory receptor programmed death-1(PD1/PDCD1) and has been demonstrated to play a role in the regulation of immune responses and peripheral tolerance. By binding to PD1 on activated T-cells and B-cells; PD-L1 may inhibit ongoing T-cell responses by inducing apoptosis and arresting cell-cycle progression. Accordingly; it leads to growth of immunogenic tumor growth by increasing apoptosis of antigen specific T cells and may contribute to immune evasion by cancers. PD-L1 thus is regarded as promising therapeutic target for human autoimmune disease and malignant cancers.
Inserisci la tua e-mail e seleziona le aree di interesse per ricevere le ultime novità, approfondimenti e promozioni.
Seleziona uno o più ambiti di interesse per ricevere comunicazioni più utili e mirate.
2025 TEMA Ricerca - All Rights Reserved.
