Protocadherin-10 (PCDH10) is a single-pass type I membrane protein that contains six extracellular cadherin domains; one transmembrane domain and one cytoplasmic tail differing from those of the classical cadherins. As a potential calcium-dependent cell-adhesion neuronal receptor; it may plays a role in the establishment and function of specific cell-cell connections in the brain. PCDH10 moderately expressed in all regions of the brain examined; as well as in testis and ovary; and low expression in all other tested tissues.
Protocadherin-1, also known as Cadherin-like protein 1, Protocadherin-42 and PCDH1, belongs to the protocadherin subfamily within the cadherin superfamily. PCDH1 contains seven cadherin-like domains, a transmembrane region and a C-terminal cytoplasmic region. PCDH1 can be detected as early as embryonic day 9.5. In early embryogenesis, expression is especially prominent in blood vessels. The tight spatial and temporal regulation of Pcdh1 expression suggests that this protocadherin plays multiple roles not only during development but also in mature tissues and organs. In addition, protocadherin-1 is involved in cell-cell interaction processes and in neural cell adhesion.
Ribose-Phosphate Pyrophosphokinase 2 (PRPS2) is a phosphoribosyl pyrophosphate synthetase that belongs to the ribose-phosphate pyrophosphokinase family. PRPS2 is a homodimer. The active form is probably an hexamer composed of three homodimers. PRPS2 catalyzes the synthesis of phosphoribosylpyrophosphate (PRPP) that is essential for nucleotide synthesis. PRPS2 catalyzes the synthesis of 5-phosphoribosyl 1-pyrophosphate from ATP and D-ribose 5-phosphate. In addition, PRPS2 plays a central role in the synthesis of purines and pyrimidines.
The protein encoded by this gene is a single-pass transmembrane protein containing an N-terminal gamma-carboxyglutamic acid (Gla) domain and tandem Pro/Leu-Pro-Xaa-Tyr (PY) motifs at its C-terminal end. The Gla domain is exposed on the cell surface while the PY motifs are cytoplasmic. The PY motifs of the encoded protein have been shown to interact with YAP1, a WW domain-containing protein. Therefore, it is thought that the encoded protein may be part of a signal transduction pathway. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
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