CD160 antigen is a cell membrane protein which contains one Ig-likeV-type (immunoglobulin-like) domain. CD160 is a GPI-anchored lymphocyte surface receptor in which expression is mostly restricted to the highly cytotoxic CD56(dim) CD16(+) peripheral blood NK subset. CD160 is a receptor showing broad specificity for both classical and non-classical MHC class I molecules. CD160 is expressed in spleen, peripheral blood, and smal lintestine. Expression of CD160 is restricted to functional NK and T cytotoxic lymphocytes. CD160 acts as a co-activator receptor for CD3-induced proliferation of CD4+ CD160+ T cells isolated from inflammatory skin lesions. Activated NK lymphocytes release a soluble form of CD160 that functionally impairs the MHC-I-specific cytotoxic CD8(+) T lymphocyte responsiveness.
Fcgr4, also known as CD16-2, is one of the receptors for Fc region of IgG which involve in immune responses. Fcgr4 mainly functions in cellular response to lipopolysaccharide, NK T cell proliferation, regulation of sensory perception of pain, wound healing etc. Three groups are included for Fc γ receptors (FcR), and they are Fc γ RI (CD64), Fc γ RII (CD32), and Fc γ RIII (CD16). Among these, CD64 possess high affinity even for monomeric IgG, while CD32 and CD16 display a relative lower affinity for IgG. Genes encodes these receptors are diverse differing by species and cell types. The aggregation of FcR having immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motifs (ITAMs) activates sequentially src family tyrosine kinases and syk family tyrosine kinases that connect transduced signals to common activation pathways shared with other receptors. FcR with ITAMs elicit cell activation, endocytosis, and phagocytosis. Fcgr4 belongs to Fc γ RIII (CD16) group.
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