Complement factor D, also known as adipsin, is a member of the chymotrypsin family of serine proteases, which plays an essential role in host defense as the rate-limiting enzyme in the alternative pathway of complement activation. Complement factor D activates a convertase (C3bBb) responsible for cleavage of the complement protein C3, which leads to the activation of terminal complement component C5-9 to form the membrane attack complex on microbial or cellular surfaces. It also functions in the regulation of systemic energy balance and physiologic and pathologic processes, including immunity and inflammation.
Complement factor D, also known as Adipsin, C3 convertase activator, Properdin factor D and CFD is a secreted protein which belongs to thepeptidase S1 family. CFD / Adipsin contains onepeptidase S1 domain. Complement factor D ( CFD / Adipsin ) is a component of the alternative complement pathway best known for its role in humoral suppression of infectious agents. Complement factor D ( CFD / Adipsin ) has a high level of expression in fat, suggesting a role for adipose tissue in immune system biology. This protein is also a serine protease that is secreted by adipocytes into the bloodstream. Complement factor D ( CFD / Adipsin ) cleaves factor B when the latter is complexed with factor C3b, activating the C3bbb complex, which then becomes the C3 convertase of the alternate pathway. Its function is homologous to that of C1s in the classical pathway. Complement factor D ( CFD / Adipsin ) is a serine protease that stimulates glucose transport for triglyceride accumulation in fats cells and inhibits lipolysis. Defects in CFD / Adipsin are the cause of complement factor D deficiency (CFD deficiency) which predisposes to invasive meningococcal disease.
Cell surface glycoprotein serine protease that participates in extracellular matrix degradation and involved in many cellular processes including tissue remodeling, fibrosis, wound healing, inflammation and tumor growth. Both plasma membrane and soluble forms exhibit post-proline cleaving endopeptidase activity, with a marked preference for Ala/Ser-Gly-Pro-Ser/Asn/Ala consensus sequences, on substrate such as alpha-2-antiplasmin SERPINF2 and SPRY2. Degrade also gelatin, heat-denatured type I collagen, but not native collagen type I and IV, vibronectin, tenascin, laminin, fibronectin, fibrin or casein. Have also dipeptidyl peptidase activity, exhibiting the ability to hydrolyze the prolyl bond two residues from the N-terminus of synthetic dipeptide substrates provided that the penultimate residue is proline, with a preference for Ala-Pro, Ile-Pro, Gly-Pro, Arg-Pro and Pro-Pro. Natural neuropeptide hormones for dipeptidyl peptidase are the neuropeptide Y (NPY), peptide YY (PYY), substance P (TAC1) and brain natriuretic peptide 32 (NPPB).
Fas Ligand , also known as FASLG and CD95L , is the ligand for FAS. It is a transmembrane protein which binds to TNFRSF6/FAS. Interaction of FAS with fas Ligand is critical in triggering apoptosis of some types of cells such as lymphocytes. Fas Ligand may be involved in cytotoxic T-cell mediated apoptosis and in T-cell development. TNFRSF6/FAS-mediated apoptosis may have a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance , in the antigen-stimulated suicide of mature T-cells , or both.
Fas Ligand, also known as FASLG and CD95L, is the ligand for FAS. It is a transmembrane protein which binds to TNFRSF6/FAS. Interaction of FAS with fas Ligand is critical in triggering apoptosis of some types of cells such as lymphocytes. Fas Ligand may be involved in cytotoxic T-cell mediated apoptosis and in T-cell development. TNFRSF6/FAS-mediated apoptosis may have a role in the induction of peripheral tolerance, in the antigen-stimulated suicide of mature T-cells, or both.
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