DEAD box proteins, characterized by the conserved motif Asp-Glu-Ala-Asp (DEAD), are putative RNA helicases. They are implicated in a number of cellular processes involving alteration of RNA secondary structure, such as translation initiation, nuclear and mitochondrial splicing, and ribosome and spliceosome assembly. Based on their distribution patterns, some members of this family are believed to be involved in embryogenesis, spermatogenesis, and cellular growth and division. This gene encodes a DEAD box protein, which is a RNA-dependent ATPase, and also a proliferation-associated nuclear antigen, specifically reacting with the simian virus 40 tumor antigen. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants.
LY75 (Lymphocyte Antigen 75) is a Protein Coding gene. It is broadly expressed in the lymph node, appendix, and other tissues. LY75 knockdown in SKOV3 cells resulted in predominant upregulation of functional pathways implicated in cell proliferation and metabolism, while pathways associated with cell signaling and adhesion, complement activation, and immune response were mostly suppressed. Moreover, LY75 suppression had an opposite effect on EOC cell lines with the epithelial phenotype (A2780s and OV2008), by directing epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) associated with reduced capacity for in vivo EOC cell colonization, as similar/identical signaling pathways were reversely regulated, when compared to mesenchymal LY75 knockdown EOC cells. Diseases associated with LY75 include Pneumonic Plague and Adenoiditis.
Chlorite dismutase (Cld) found in prokaryotic organisms, also known as Chlorite O2-lyase, is a b-type heme containing enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of chlorite into chloride plus dioxygen. The subunit of chlorite dismutase consists of a heme free N-terminal and a heme b containing C-terminal ferredoxin-like fold with high structural homology to the dye-decolorizing peroxidases (DyPs). The physiological role of Cld in prokaryote has been shown that some microorganisms can use perchlorate or chlorate as terminal electron acceptors for anaerobic respiration thereby producing chlorite that must be detoxified. This enzyme has gained attention because it can be used in the development of bioremediation processes, biosensors, and controlled dioxygen production.
Dectin-1 was recently identified as the most important receptor for beta-glucan. It is a type II transmembrane protein which binds beta-1,3 and beta-1,6 glucans, and is expressed on most cells of the innate immune system and has been implicated in phagocytosis as well as killing of fungi by macrophages, neutrophils and dendritic cells. Recognition of beta-glucan by dectin-1 triggers effective immune response, including phagocytosis and proinflammatory factor production, to eliminate infecting fungi, which especially benefits immunocompromised patients against opportunistic fungal infection. In addition, dectin-1 is involved in the adaptive immune response as well as autoimmune diseases and immune tolerance. Dectin-1 can recognize and respond to live fungal pathogens and is being increasingly appreciated as having a key role in the innate responses to these pathogens. In addition to its exogenous ligands, Dectin-1 can recognize an unidentified endogenous ligand on T cells and may act as a co-stimulatory molecule. Recent studies have highlighted the importance of Dectin-1 in anti-fungal immunity, in both mice and humans, and have suggested a possible involvement of this receptor in the control of mycobacterial infections.
This gene encodes a member of the Armadillo protein family, which function in adhesion between cells and signal transduction. Multiple translation initiation codons and alternative splicing result in many different isoforms being translated. Not all of the full-length natures of the described transcript variants have been determined. Read-through transcription also exists between this gene and the neighboring upstream thioredoxin-related transmembrane protein 2 (TMX2) gene.
death-domain associated protein
chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 8
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