The fourth gene of the EBOV genome encodes a 16-kDa envelope-attached glycoprotein (GP) and a 11 kDa secreted glycoprotein (sGP). Both GP and sGP have an identical 295-residue N-terminus, however, they have different C-terminal sequences. Recently, great attention has been paid to GP for vaccines design and entry inhibitors isolation. GP is a class I fusion protein which assembles as trimers on viral surface and plays an important role in virus entry and attachment. Mature GP is a disulfide-linked heterodimer formed by two subunits, GP1 and GP2, which are generated from the proteolytical process of GP precursor (pre-GP) by cellular furin during virus assembly . The GP1 subunit contains a mucin domain and a receptor-binding domain (RBD); the GP2 subunit has a fusion peptide, a helical heptad-repeat (HR) region, a transmembrane (TM) domain, and a 4-residue cytoplasmic tail. The RBD of GP1 mediates the interaction of EBOV with cellular receptor (e.g. DC-SIGN/LSIGN, TIM-1, hMGL, NPC1, β-integrins, folate receptor-α, and Tyro3 family receptors), of which TIM1 and NPC1 are essential for EBOV entry; the mucin domain having N- and O-linked glycans enhances the viral attachment to cellular hMGL, and participates in shielding key neutralization epitopes, which helps the virus evades immune elimination. There are large conformation changes of GP2 during membrane fusion, which enhance the insertion of fusion loop into cellular membrane and facilitate the release of viral nucleocapsid core to cytoplasm.
Sec61 alpha 1 subunit (S. cerevisiae)
Epithelial (E) - Cadherin (ECAD), also known as cell-CAM120/80 in the human, uvomorulin in the mouse, Arc-1 in the dog, and L-CAM in the chicken, is a member of the cadherin family of cell adhesion molecules. Cadherins are calcium-dependent transmembrane proteins, which bind to one another in a homophilic manner. On their cytoplasmic side, they associate with the three catenins, alpha, beta, and gamma (plakoglobin). This association links the cadherin protein to the cytoskeleton. Without association with the catenins, the cadherins are non-adhesive. Cadherins play a role in development, specifically in tissue formation. They may also help to maintain tissue architecture in the adult. E-Cadherin may also play a role in tumor development, as loss of E-Cadherin has been associated with tumor invasiveness. E-Cadherin is a classical cadherin molecule. Classical cadherins consist of a large extracellular domain which contains DXD and DXNDN repeats responsible for mediating calcium‑dependent adhesion, a single-pass transmembrane domain, and a short carboxy-terminal cytoplasmic domain responsible for interacting with the catenins. E‑Cadherin contains five extracellular calcium-binding domains of approximately 110 amino acids each.
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