NF-kappa-B is a ubiquitous transcription factor involved in several biological processes. It is held in the cytoplasm in an inactive state by specific inhibitors. Upon degradation of the inhibitor, NF-kappa-B moves to the nucleus and activates transcription of specific genes. NF-kappa-B is composed of NFKB1 or NFKB2 bound to either REL, RELA, or RELB. The most abundant form of NF-kappa-B is NFKB1 complexed with the product of this gene, RELA. Four transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Proteins encoded by the v-Rel viral oncogene and its cellular homolog, c-Rel,are members of a family of transcription factors that include the two subunits of the transcription factor NFκB (p50 and p65) and the Drosophila maternal morphogen, dorsal. Both proteins specifically bind to DNA sequences that are the same or slight variations of the 10 bp κB sequence in the immunoglobulin κ light chain enhancer. This same sequence is also present in a number of other cellular and viral enhancers. The DNA binding activity of NFκB is activated and NFκB is subsequently transported from the cytoplasm to the nucleus in cells exposed to mitogens or growth factors. cDNAs encoding precursors for two distinct proteins of the same size have been described, designated p105 and p100. The p105 precursor contains p50 at its N-terminus and a C-terminal region that when expressed as a separate molecule, designated pdI, binds to p50 and regulates its activity.
A synthesized peptide derived from human NG2, corresponding to a region within the internal amino acids.
A synthetic peptide from human NG2
Acts as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) which differentially activates the GTPases RHOA, RAC1 and CDC42. Plays a role in axon guidance regulating ephrin-induced growth cone collapse and dendritic spine morphogenesis. Upon activation by ephrin through EPHA4, the GEF activity switches toward RHOA resulting in its activation. Activated RHOA promotes cone retraction at the expense of RAC1- and CDC42-stimulated growth cone extension (By similarity).
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