A synthesized peptide derived from human p18 INK4c, corresponding to a region within C-terminal amino acids.
A synthesized peptide derived from Human p19 INK4d.
The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the INK4 family of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors. This protein has been shown to form a stable complex with CDK4 or CDK6, and prevent the activation of the CDK kinases, thus function as a cell growth regulator that controls cell cycle G1 progression. The abundance of the transcript of this gene was found to oscillate in a cell-cycle dependent manner with the lowest expression at mid G1 and a maximal expression during S phase. The negative regulation of the cell cycle involved in this protein was shown to participate in repressing neuronal proliferation, as well as spermatogenesis. Two alternatively spliced variants of this gene, which encode an identical protein, have been reported.
A synthesized peptide derived from human p21 Cip1, corresponding to a region within the internal amino acids.
A synthesized peptide derived from human p21 Cip1, corresponding to a region within C-terminal amino acids.
A synthetic peptide from human p21 Cip1
This gene encodes a potent cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor. The encoded protein binds to and inhibits the activity of cyclin-cyclin-dependent kinase2 or -cyclin-dependent kinase4 complexes, and thus functions as a regulator of cell cycle progression at G1. The expression of this gene is tightly controlled by the tumor suppressor protein p53, through which this protein mediates the p53-dependent cell cycle G1 phase arrest in response to a variety of stress stimuli. This protein can interact with proliferating cell nuclear antigen, a DNA polymerase accessory factor, and plays a regulatory role in S phase DNA replication and DNA damage repair. This protein was reported to be specifically cleaved by CASP3-like caspases, which thus leads to a dramatic activation of cyclin-dependent kinase2, and may be instrumental in the execution of apoptosis following caspase activation. Mice that lack this gene have the ability to regenerate damaged or missing tissue. Multiple alternatively spliced variants have been found for this gene.
CDKN1A (p21,CIP1,WAF1),a cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor,is necessary for proper control of the cell cycle and premature senescence. P21 is a cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor that suppresses proliferation by inhibiting CDK2 and CDK1 activity at the G1/S and G2/M transitions. P21 is a major mediator of p53 to induce cell cycle arrest in G1. p21 can interact with proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA),and plays a regulatory role in S phase DNA replication and DNA damage repair. P21 was reported to be specifically cleaved by CASP3-like caspases,which thus leads to a dramatic activation of CDK2,and may be instrumental in the execution of apoptosis following caspase activation. Overexpression of p21 decreases the expression levels of cell cycle progression genes and upregulates senescence-inducing genes.
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