This gene encodes the ligand of the tyrosine-kinase receptor encoded by the KIT locus. This ligand is a pleiotropic factor that acts in utero in germ cell and neural cell development, and hematopoiesis, all believed to reflect a role in cell migration. In adults, it functions pleiotropically, while mostly noted for its continued requirement in hematopoiesis. Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.
Member of the granin protein family that regulates the biogenesis of secretory granules.Acts as a sorting receptor for intragranular proteins including chromogranin A/CHGA.May also play a role in angiogenesis. Promotes endothelial proliferation, migration and tube formation through MEK/ERK signaling pathway.
Secretagogin, also known as SCGN, is a secreted protein which is detectable in human serum after ischemic neuronal damage. It is a recently described calcium-binding protein. Secretagogin / SCGN is expressed at high levels in the pancreatic islets of Langerhans and to a much lesser extent in the gastrointestinal tract (stomach, small intestine and colon), the adrenal medulla and cortex and the thyroid C-cells. In the brain, the expression of Secretagogin / SCGN is restricted to distinct subtypes of neurons with highest expression in the molecular layer of the cerebellum (stellate and basket cells), in the anterior part of the pituitary gland, in the thalamus, in the hypothalamus and in a subgroup of neocortical neurons. Secretagogin / SCGN is widely expressed in prostatic adenocarcinoma as opposed to adenocarcinomas in other organs. The function of Secretagogin / SCGN is unknown, but it has been suggested in beta-cells to influence calcium-influx and has been observed downregulated in diabetes-prone BB rat islets exposed to cytokines. Secretagogin / SCGN is involved in the calcium metabolism of tumour cells and endothelial cells in a subset of neoplasms of the brain and its coverings. Secretagogin / SCGN is also a novel marker for neuroendocrine differentiation.
Secretagogin (SCGN) is a secreted calcium-binding protein that is found in the cytoplasm; a small proportion is associated with secretory granules and membrane fractions. SCGN contains six EF-hand domains, related to calbindin D-28K and calretinin. SCGN is thought to be involved in KCL-stimulated calcium flux and cell proliferation SCGN can be detected in human serum after ischemic neuronal damage. SCGN may function to negatively control growth and differentiation rates and, thus, indirectly inhibit cell replication.
Sclerostin, also known as SOST, is a member of the Cerberus/DAN family of BMP antagonists. SOST is asecreted glycoprotein with a C-terminal cysteine knot-like (CTCK) domain. It shows sequence similarity to the DAN (differential screening-selected gene aberrative in neuroblastoma) family of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) antagonists. SOST is produced by the osteocyte and has anti-anabolic effects on bone formation. It is a negative regulator of bone growth that acts through inhibition of Wnt signaling and bone formation.
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